A nation is born
1940The Muslim League formally adopts the Lahore Resolution. Calls for creation of independent states for Muslims
1941
Nobel Laureate Rabindranath Tagore, poet, artist, playwright, novelist is dead
1942
Sir Stafford Cripps comes to India with the Cripps Mission to secure Indian cooperation in WWII
The Congress passes the Quit India Resolution. A nationwide civil disobedience movement begins
1943
1944
The Japanese lay siege to Imphal in an effort to destroy the Allied Forces and invade India. Forced to retreat back to Burma
1945
Subhas Chandra Bose, the leader of INA, is reported dead in a plane crash in Taiwan. Conspiracy theories abound
Officers of INA, Col Prem Kumar Sehgal, Gen Shah Nawaz Khan and Col Gurbaksh Singh Dhillon go on trial at the Red Fort by the British. The nation visibly unites in sympathy
1946
Royal Navy soldiers declare mutiny against the lack of facilities. INA trials fuel the discontent. A coordinated revolt begins
1947
The Independence Act passed by the British Parliament declares division of British India into India and Pakistan
India wins freedom at 12.02 am, August 15. Pakistan gets it at 11.57 pm, August 14
Large-scale segregation of Hindus and Muslims from both sides takes place. Many die in the communal clashes. Hindus and Muslims are massacred. Bodies line the streets
First Kashmir War breaks out between India and Pakistan. India goes to the United Nations. Asks Pakistan to move troops back. Pakistan ignores the mandate. Ceasefire declared two years later
1948
Gandhi assassinated in Delhi at pointblank range by Nathuram Godse. The Mahatma’s last words are ‘Hey Ram’
India’s Atomic Energy Commission and Department of Scientific Research are set up
1949
The Reserve Bank of India is nationalised
India issues the London Declaration, enabling it to remain in the British Commonwealth, despite being a republic. Birth of modern Commonwealth
New Constitution is adopted by the Indian Constituent Assembly. It comes into effect the following year
India’s Atomic Energy Commission and Department of Scientific Research are set up
1949
The Reserve Bank of India is nationalised
India issues the London Declaration, enabling it to remain in the British Commonwealth, despite being a republic. Birth of modern Commonwealth
New Constitution is adopted by the Indian Constituent Assembly. It comes into effect the following year
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